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The quality aggregates production is the first step for the preparation of manufactured articles, mixtures in concrete and asphalt concretes that, if they were not produced with conscientiousness and with regular checks, would compromise the durability and the success of the articles themselves.
The first step is the destruction of the rock of the quarry face, with the aid of explosive which has been suitably prepared and used: in this way, it provides the natural raw material for the entire production chain.

Through the use of a wheel loader, said material is loaded on “Dumper” trucks which empty the limestone directly into the hopper of the “primary crusher”, thus giving rise to the production cycle. The material undergoes a first roughing via the “Primary Crusher”, then it is transported by conveyor into a vibrant sifter on two floors for a first selection, from which it is selected a heap of stabilized mix 0/30 mm and another of size 40/70 mm.

The remaining material of size above 70 mm is deposited by conveyor belt into a heap of an iron tunnel.
With the aid of a conveyor belt, the material is placed in a secondary mill “1000” which in turn enables to reduce the size.

This crushed material is transported (on conveyor belt) to a second sifter made by four shelves where it is selected and divided into piles of different products: mm 0/5 sand; 6.10 mm crushed stone; 8/16 mm crushed stone and 16/25 gravel mm.

A further accumulation of vibrating feeder called “redundant”, is transported via a conveyor in a mill “600” tertiary, and then sieved to flow into piles of finished products as sand and gravel.

The bituminous mixes are hot mixtures of inert mineral mixes with filler and bitumen.

The conglomerate types, according to their intended use, are essentially divided into:

• Asphalt for the base layer or foundation
• Asphalt for binder or middle layer
• Asphalt for mantle of wear or surface layer

The difference between the above-mentioned types consists in the use of different sizes of the aggregates used and in the various weight percentages of the components used in the dough. The base layer has greater size, then there is the binder, and then the different types of surface covering in which, normally, the maximum size does not exceed the 10-12mm. The maximum size of the aggregate is also limited by the thickness of the layer: the mantle of wear can be reduced in certain cases 20-30 mm, while the base layer can reach a thickness of 200-300mm.

The AGGREGATE MINERALS constitute the predominant part of the conglomerate. They are present, in fact, with percentages ranging between 80% and 90%, and must meet certain characteristics such as hardness, porosity, friability, resistance to abrasion and crushing, grain size.

The particle size, in particular, is the most important feature of the production process because it identifies the type of conglomerate product. The variety of sizes in the aggregate allows to obtain a final product as compact as possible, in which the smaller grains fill the voids between the larger ones, and so that the porosity of the conglomerate is contained in acceptable values.

The FILLER is inert with a very fine grain size (O -200 micron). The amount is calculated separately because its filling function is especially important. It is used in percentage that can vary from 3 to 12-13% with increasing trend for finer conglomerates (carpets wear).

ADDITIVES (solid and liquid) are products that are used to produce colored asphalt and to improve the quality of the asphalt. The products are dosed and sent directly into the mixer and used in a percentage that varies according to the characteristic of the asphalt to produce.

The bitumen is a binder of the dough and it is used in a percentage that varies from 3% to 8%.

From the functional point of view the plant CB / 150 can:

• Collect aggregates (sand, fine, medium, etc…) taken from our quarry in the appropriate pre-batchers after being duly selected in their size;
• Transfer the aggregates selected from pre-batchers to a mixer.

During this phase they are treated with a drying/heating system and a process of weighing:

• Collect, weigh and send to the mixer aggregates from hot inert silo;
• Collect, weigh and send filler to the mixer;
• Collect, weigh and send bitumen to the mixer;
• Collect, weigh and send the additive LIQUID to the mixer (microdosing-macrodosing);
• Produce the bituminous mix and transfer it into the silo of the finished product for distribution and use.

The concrete is obtained by mixing (in appropriate percentages) cement, aggregates, additives and water.

The concrete, being ductile, fitted with mechanical strength and resistance to the aggression of environmental agents and to the cycles of freezing and thawing is the building material most suitable for the realization of different types of construction works.

The concrete, in fact, is used in the construction of residential buildings, commercial and industrial buildings, in the construction of different types of road works, such as roads, bridges and tunnels and, finally, in the majority of hydraulic works.

The concrete is produced mainly in the concrete batching plants. The relative components or the aggregates appropriately selected in most grain sizes, cement, additives and water, are first stored in depots (silos and hoppers).

Through a fully automated system, once designed the recipe, the components are extracted from the deposits and sent in the appropriate proportions, to the mixer and after to the shipment.

The transport takes place through concrete truck mixers. The cement mixer is subjected to rotary motion in order to keep the product in continuous mixing. In the formulation of concrete should be taken into due consideration the time that elapses between the cement truck mixer loading and unloading in the yard of the product to avoid that in the meantime, the cement contained in it begins the process of setting.